E09 on the S866 means “Controller failure.” Most likely cause: a power or connection problem reaching the controller, or a controller failure. Try this first: turn it off and on again.
The controller is the part that takes power from the battery and feeds it to the motor. This code means it has flagged a problem with itself. Sometimes that's a real failure, but low battery voltage, a loose connection, water or heat can trigger it, so rule those out first.
Step-by-step checklist
Work from the top. Steps go from free and easy to shop jobs. Switch the bike off before touching any connector. Tick each step as you go. Your progress is saved on this device.
Parts you might need
As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. These links go straight to Amazon.
Only buy a part if the free steps didn't fix it. Always match the voltage and connector type to your bike.
Electrical contact cleaner spray
Cleans dirt and corrosion from connector pins and battery contacts.
Link coming soon
Dielectric grease
A thin coat on connector seals helps keep water out after you clean them.
Link coming soon
Digital multimeter
Checks whether wires are broken and measures voltage.
When it's time for a shop: if you've worked through every step and the problem is still there, take the bike to an e-bike shop. Bring your notes on when it happens, plus the code.